Affiliation:
1. Departments of Bacteriology and Immunology and of Biochemistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
Abstract
Phage T was the only phage observed in lysates of
Bacillus megaterium
899a induced with mitomycin C, 0.35 μg/ml. The phage adsorbed slowly to its host in nutrient agar, giving rise to plaques of varying sizes and turbidity. Only clear plaques were observed when the phage and host cells were preincubated in an adsorption buffer and plated under optimum conditions. Plaque turbidity was caused by either the addition of 0.5 × 10
−2
to 1.0 × 10
−2
M CaCl
2
to the phage assay medium, or by raising the incubation temperature to 34 C. Phage T purified on a CsCl gradient had a density of 1.48 g/ml in CsCl and the extracted phage DNA had a buoyant density in CsCl of 1.6975 g/ml, equivalent to 38.2% guanine plus cytosine. The phage was rapidly inactivated at 75 C and was unstable in the presence of chloroform at 4 C, but it was stable in buffer stored in ice. When stage I sporulating cells were induced with mitomycin C, phage were carried into spores which when germinated lyse with the release of φ T. The burst size on induction of early-log vegetative cells was 52, whereas the burst size of induced T
0
sporulating cells, diluted in fresh medium, was 47 for a sporulating strain and 140 for an asporogenous mutant. A typical phage T had a long, noncontracting tail 240 nm long, 9 to 11 nm wide, with a repeating disk unit along the tail, 4 nm in size center to center. The tail ended in a small disk (15 nm wide) which is presumably for attachment to the host. The hexagonal head measures 68 by 57 nm and is composed of donut-shaped units 9 nm in diameter.
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Subject
Virology,Insect Science,Immunology,Microbiology
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