Affiliation:
1. Unité de Pharmacologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
Abstract
ABSTRACT
P-glycoprotein (P-gp; MDR1), a major efflux transporter, recognizes various antibiotics and is present in macrophages. We have examined its effect on the modulation of the intracellular accumulation and activity of daptomycin towards phagocytized
Staphylococcus aureus
(ATCC 25923) in human THP-1 macrophages, in comparison with MDCK epithelial cells (wild type and MDCK-MDR1 overexpressing P-gp; the bulk of the protein was immunodetected at the surface of all three cell types). Daptomycin displayed concentration-dependent intracellular activity (Hill equation pattern) in THP-1 and MDCK cells with (i) 50% effective drug extracellular concentration (EC
50
; relative potency) and static concentrations at 9 to 10 times the MIC and (ii) maximal efficacy (
E
max
; CFU decrease at infinite extracellular drug concentration) at 1.6 to 2 log compared to that of the postphagocytosis inoculum. Verapamil (100 μM) and elacridar (GF 120918; 0.5 μM), two known inhibitors of P-gp, decreased daptomycin EC
50
(about threefold) in THP-1 and MDCK cells without affecting
E
max
. Daptomycin EC
50
was about three- to fourfold higher and accumulation in MDCK-MDR1 commensurately lower than in wild-type cells. In THP-1 macrophages, (i) verapamil and ATP depletion increased, and ouabain (an inducer of
mdr1
[the gene encoding P-gp] expression) decreased the accumulation of daptomycin in parallel with that of DiOC
2
(a known substrate of P-gp); (ii) silencing
mdr1
with duplex human
mdr1
siRNAs reduced the cell content in immunoreactive P-gp to 15 to 30% of controls and caused an eight- to 13-fold increase in daptomycin accumulation. We conclude that daptomycin is subject to efflux from THP-1 macrophages and MDCK cells by P-gp, which reduces its intracellular activity against phagocytized
S. aureus
.
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Subject
Infectious Diseases,Pharmacology (medical),Pharmacology
Cited by
52 articles.
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