Affiliation:
1. Joint Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, 20520 Turku, Finland
2. Institute of Biology, Department of Biotechnology, 450054 Ufa, Russia
Abstract
SUMMARY
Dextran is a chemically and physically complex polymer, breakdown of which is carried out by a variety of endo- and exodextranases. Enzymes in many groups can be classified as dextranases according to function: such enzymes include dextranhydrolases, glucodextranases, exoisomaltohydrolases, exoisomaltotriohydrases, and branched-dextran exo-1,2-α-glucosidases. Cycloisomalto-oligosaccharide glucanotransferase does not formally belong to the dextranases even though its side reaction produces hydrolyzed dextrans. A new classification system for glycosylhydrolases and glycosyltransferases, which is based on amino acid sequence similarities, divides the dextranases into five families. However, this classification is still incomplete since sequence information is missing for many of the enzymes that have been biochemically characterized as dextranases. Dextran-degrading enzymes have been isolated from a wide range of microorganisms. The major characteristics of these enzymes, the methods for analyzing their activities and biological roles, analysis of primary sequence data, and three-dimensional structures of dextranases have been dealt with in this review. Dextranases are promising for future use in various scientific and biotechnological applications.
Publisher
American Society for Microbiology
Subject
Molecular Biology,Microbiology,Infectious Diseases
Reference233 articles.
1. Abbott, D., and H. Weigel. 1966. Studies on dextran and dextranases. Part VII. Structures from an α-1→4-branched dextran. J. Chem. Soc.C:821-827.
2. Abbott, D., E. J. Bourne, and H. Weigel. 1966. Studies on dextran and dextranases. Part VIII. Size and distribution of branches in some dextrans. J. Chem. Soc.C:827-831.
3. Abdel-Naby, M. A., S. Ismail, A. M. Abdel-Fattah, and A. F. Abdel-Fattah. 1999. Preparation and some properties of immobilized Penicillium funiculosum.Process Biochem.34:391-398.
4. Ajdic, D., W. M. McShan, R. E. McLaughlin, G. Savic, J. Chang, M. B. Carson, C. Primeaux, R. Tian, S. Kenton, J. Honggui, S. Lin, Y. Qian, S. Li, H. Zhu, F. Najar, H. Lai, J. White, B. A. Roe, and J. J. Ferretti. 2002. Genome sequence of Streptococcus mutans UA159, a cariogenic dental pathogen. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA99:14434-14439.
5. Aoki, H., and Y. Sakano. 1997. A classification of dextran-hydrolyzing enzymes based on amino-acid-sequence similarities. Biochem. J.323:859-861.
Cited by
204 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献，注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献，订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献