Cephamycins, a New Family of β-Lactam Antibiotics. IV. In Vivo Studies

Abstract

Cephamycin A was found to be more active in vivo than cephamycin B. In comparison with cephamycin C, cephamycin A was more active against gram-positive organisms but less active against gram-negative organisms. Given subcutaneously, cephamycin C had good in vivo gram-negative activity, comparing favorably with cephalothin and cephaloridine against cephalosporin-susceptible organisms. In general, against the gram-negative organisms, it was more active than cephalothin or cephalosporin C and about as active as cephaloridine. In addition, cephamycin C protected mice against β-lactamase-producing Proteus cultures, including clinically isolated strains. The compound is remarkably nontoxic. Cephamycin C was detected in the serum and recovered from the urine of treated mice to about the same extent as cephaloridine. Like cephaloridine and cephalosporin C, cephamycin C must be excreted mainly by glomerular filtration, because the use of probenecid did not enhance the therapeutic effectiveness nor concentrations of these agents in the sera of treated mice.