Reduced Immune Response to Borrelia burgdorferi in the Absence of γδ T Cells

Author:

Shi Cuixia1,Sahay Bikash2,Russell Jennifer Q.1,Fortner Karen A.1,Hardin Nicholas3,Sellati Timothy J.2,Budd Ralph C.1

Affiliation:

1. Vermont Center for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, The University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont 05405-0068

2. Center for Immunology and Microbial Disease, Albany Medical Center, Albany, New York 12208

3. Department of Pathology, The University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont 05405-0068

Abstract

ABSTRACT Little is known regarding the function of γδ T cells, although they accumulate at sites of inflammation in infections and autoimmune disorders. We previously observed that γδ T cells in vitro are activated by Borrelia burgdorferi in a TLR2-dependent manner. We now observe that the activated γδ T cells can in turn stimulate dendritic cells in vitro to produce cytokines and chemokines that are important for the adaptive immune response. This suggested that in vivo γδ T cells may assist in activating the adaptive immune response. We examined this possibility in vivo and observed that γδ T cells are activated and expand in number during Borrelia infection, and this was reduced in the absence of TLR2. Furthermore, in the absence of γδ T cells, there was a significantly blunted response of adaptive immunity, as reflected in reduced expansion of T and B cells and reduced serum levels of anti- Borrelia antibodies, cytokines, and chemokines. This paralleled a greater Borrelia burden in γδ-deficient mice as well as more cardiac inflammation. These findings are consistent with a model of γδ T cells functioning to promote the adaptive immune response during infection.

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Infectious Diseases,Immunology,Microbiology,Parasitology

Reference42 articles.

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