Gene products of McDonough feline sarcoma virus have an in vitro-associated protein kinase that phosphorylates tyrosine residues: lack of detection of this enzymatic activity in vivo

Abstract

The primary translational product of the McDonough (SM) strain of feline sarcoma virus (FeSV) is a 180,000-dalton molecule, SM P180, that contains the p15-p12-p30 region of the FeLV gag gene-coded precursor protein and a sarcoma virus-specific polypeptide. In addition, cells transformed by SM-FeSV express a 120,000-dalton molecule, SM P120, that is highly related to the non-helper virus domain of SM P180. Both SM-FeSV gene products were found to be intimately associated with the membrane fraction of SM-FeSV-transformed cells. Immunoprecipitates containing SM P180 and SM P120 exhibited a protein kinase activity capable of phosphorylating tyrosine residues of both viral gene products but not immune immunoglobulin G molecules. By independently immunoprecipitating each of the two SM-FeSV proteins we found that most of the tyrosine-specific phosphorylating activity was associated with the SM P120 molecule. In vivo analysis of 32P-labeled SM P180 and SM P120 revealed their phosphoprotein nature; however, both molecules exhibited low levels of phosphorylation and did not contain phosphotyrosine residues. Finally, we did not detect any significant elevation in the levels of phosphotyrosine in the protein fraction of SM-FeSV transformants. Thus, if SM-FeSV were to induce malignant transformation by a mechanism involving phosphorylation of tyrosine residues, the viral gene products must interact with a small subset of cellular proteins that do not represent a significant fraction of the total cellular protein content.