Oxidative Damage Control during Decay of Wood by Brown Rot Fungus Using Oxygen Radicals

Author:

Castaño Jesus D.1,Zhang Jiwei2,Anderson Claire E.1,Schilling Jonathan S.2

Affiliation:

1. Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA

2. Department of Plant & Microbial Biology, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, Minnesota, USA

Abstract

Wood is one of the largest pools of carbon on Earth, and its decomposition is dominated in most systems by fungi. Wood-degrading fungi specialize in extracting sugars bound within lignin, either by removing lignin first (white rot) or by using Fenton-generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) to “loosen” wood cell walls, enabling selective sugar extraction (brown rot). Although white rot lignin-degrading pathways are well characterized, there are many uncertainties in brown rot fungal mechanisms. Our study addressed a key uncertainty in how brown rot fungi deploy ROS without damaging themselves or the enzymes they secrete. In addition to revealing differentially expressed genes to promote ROS generation only in early decay, our study revealed three spatial control mechanisms to avoid/tolerate ROS: (i) constraining Fenton reactant concentrations (H 2 O 2 , Fe 2+ ), (ii) quenching ROS via antioxidants, and (iii) secreting ROS-tolerant enzymes. These results not only offer insight into natural decomposition pathways but also generate targets for biotechnological development.

Funder

McIntire Stennis Project

University of Minnesota

Departamento Administrativo de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación

Fulbright Association

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Ecology,Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology,Food Science,Biotechnology

Reference56 articles.

1. Gilbertson RL, Ryvarden L. 1986. North American polypores. Fungiflora, Oslo, Norway.

2. Zabel RA, Morrell JJ. 1992. Wood microbiology: decay and its prevention. Academic Press, San Diego, CA.

3. Microbial and Enzymatic Degradation of Wood and Wood Components

4. Signature Wood Modifications Reveal Decomposer Community History

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