A New Clade of Insect-Specific Flaviviruses from Australian Anopheles Mosquitoes Displays Species-Specific Host Restriction

Author:

Colmant Agathe M. G.12,Hobson-Peters Jody12,Bielefeldt-Ohmann Helle12,van den Hurk Andrew F.3,Hall-Mendelin Sonja3,Chow Weng Kong4,Johansen Cheryl A.56,Fros Jelke7,Simmonds Peter7,Watterson Daniel12,Cazier Chris8,Etebari Kayvan29,Asgari Sassan29,Schulz Benjamin L.12,Beebe Nigel910,Vet Laura J.12,Piyasena Thisun B. H.12ORCID,Nguyen Hong-Duyen12,Barnard Ross T.12,Hall Roy A.12

Affiliation:

1. School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia

2. Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre (AIDRC), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia

3. Public Health Virology, Forensic and Scientific Services, Department of Health, Coopers Plains, Queensland, Australia

4. Australian Army Malaria Institute, Gallipoli Barracks, Enoggera, Queensland, Australia

5. School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia

6. PathWest Laboratory Medicine WA, Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia

7. Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, England, United Kingdom

8. Technical Services, Biosciences Division, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Gardens Point Campus, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

9. School of the Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia

10. CSIRO, Dutton Park, Queensland, Australia

Abstract

Flaviviruses like dengue, Zika, or West Nile virus infect millions of people each year and are transmitted to humans via infected-mosquito bites. A subset of flaviviruses can only replicate in the mosquito host, and recent studies have shown that some can interfere with pathogenic flaviviruses in mosquitoes and limit the replication and transmission of the latter. The insect-specific flaviviruses (ISFs) reported here form a new Anopheles mosquito-associated clade separate from the Aedes - and Culex -associated ISF clades. The identification of distinct clades for each mosquito genus provides new insights into the evolution and ecology of flaviviruses. One of these viruses was shown to replicate in the midgut of the mosquito host and exhibit the most specialized host restriction reported to date for ISFs. Understanding this unprecedented host restriction in ISFs could help identify the mechanisms involved in the evolution of flaviviruses and their emergence as mosquito-borne pathogens.

Funder

Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre

Western Australia Department of Health

Queensland Department of Health

Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship

Australian Research Council

Publisher

American Society for Microbiology

Subject

Molecular Biology,Microbiology

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