Pancreatic islet inflammation: an emerging role for chemokines

Author:

Collier J Jason12,Sparer Tim E3,Karlstad Michael D2,Burke Susan J4

Affiliation:

1. 1Laboratory of Islet Biology and InflammationPennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA

2. 2Department of SurgeryGraduate School of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA

3. 3Department of MicrobiologyUniversity of Tennessee, Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA

4. 4Laboratory of ImmunogeneticsPennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, USA

Abstract

Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes exhibit features of inflammation associated with alterations in pancreatic islet function and mass. These immunological disruptions, if unresolved, contribute to the overall pathogenesis of disease onset. This review presents the emerging role of pancreatic islet chemokine production as a critical factor regulating immune cell entry into pancreatic tissue as well as an important facilitator of changes in tissue resident leukocyte activity. Signaling through two specific chemokine receptors (i.e., CXCR2 and CXCR3) is presented to illustrate key points regarding ligand-mediated regulation of innate and adaptive immune cell responses. The prospective roles of chemokine ligands and their corresponding chemokine receptors to influence the onset and progression of autoimmune- and obesity-associated forms of diabetes are discussed.

Publisher

Bioscientifica

Subject

Endocrinology,Molecular Biology

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