Progress toward picosecond on-chip magnetic memory

Author:

Polley Debanjan12ORCID,Pattabi Akshay2ORCID,Chatterjee Jyotirmoy3ORCID,Mondal Sucheta2ORCID,Jhuria Kaushalya14,Singh Hanuman2,Gorchon Jon4,Bokor Jeffrey12

Affiliation:

1. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA

2. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA

3. Fraunhofer IPMS, An der Bartlake 5, 01109 Dresden, Germany

4. Université de Lorraine, CNRS, IJL, Nancy, France

Abstract

We offer a perspective on the prospects of ultrafast spintronics and opto-magnetism as a pathway to high-performance, energy-efficient, and non-volatile embedded memory in digital integrated circuit applications. Conventional spintronic devices, such as spin-transfer-torque magnetic-resistive random-access memory (STT-MRAM) and spin–orbit torque MRAM, are promising due to their non-volatility, energy-efficiency, and high endurance. STT-MRAMs are now entering into the commercial market; however, they are limited in write speed to the nanosecond timescale. Improvement in the write speed of spintronic devices can significantly increase their usefulness as viable alternatives to the existing CMOS-based devices. In this article, we discuss recent studies that advance the field of ultrafast spintronics and opto-magnetism. An optimized ferromagnet–ferrimagnet exchange-coupled magnetic stack, which can serve as the free layer of a magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ), can be optically switched in as fast as ∼3 ps. Integration of ultrafast magnetic switching of a similar stack into an MTJ device has enabled electrical readout of the switched state using a relatively larger tunneling magnetoresistance ratio. Purely electronic ultrafast spin–orbit torque induced switching of a ferromagnet has been demonstrated using ∼6 ps long charge current pulses. We conclude our Perspective by discussing some of the challenges that remain to be addressed to accelerate ultrafast spintronics technologies toward practical implementation in high-performance digital information processing systems.

Funder

Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency

Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

National Science Foundation

Publisher

AIP Publishing

Subject

Physics and Astronomy (miscellaneous)

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