STATE REGULATION OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF CEREAL TERRITORIES: EXTERNAL EXPERIENCE

Abstract

The article analyzes the experience of foreign countries regarding the state regulation of sustainable development of mountain areas. There are common tools of state support «countervailing» an approach in the field of regulation of socio-economic development of mountain areas in Western European countries, central and Eastern European countries (namely Bulgaria, Poland, Hungary, Czech Republic, Slovakia, which are tangent to the Carpathian region). The generalization of the experience of the EU states showed that such specific instruments of state policy, such as regional development agreements and a program to overcome the depression of territories that belong to the mountain areas that successfully worked in Sweden, deserve particular attention. Concerning problem areas, in particular mountainous ones, in the world practice such mechanisms of state financial support as state grants and subsidies, reduction of interest rates and tax rates for loans issued to implement regional projects, state guarantees and so on. The effectiveness of the implementation of these instruments depends essentially on the institutional and institutional mechanism that is designed to develop, implement and properly monitor. Spatial planning is a very relevant mechanism for the implementation of European mountain policy. Along with this clusterization of the economy of depressed territories, including mountainous, in the EU countries is widely used and such a mechanism of state regulation of socio-economic development of mountain areas, to reduce the inequality of their socio-economic development. The experience of the EU countries in respect of ecological and social safety of mountain areas deserves considerable attention. Therefore, the adaptation of any foreign model of the development of mountain areas should be consistent with the socio-economic strategy of  Ukraine as a whole, determined by the priorities of regional policy at the state level. The approach to selecting a model should be flexible and take into account, first of all, the interests of the country regarding the social and environmental safety of the mountainous areas of the Carpathian region.