1. Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
3. Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
4. Department of Conservative and Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.
5. Department of Oral Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.