Metabolite Profiling of Extract and Fractions of Bidara Upas (Merremia Mammosa (Lour.) Hallier F.) Tuber Using UPLCQToF-MS/MS

Abstract

Bidara upas (Merremia mammosa (Lour.) Hallier f.) tuber is empirically used to treat respiratory disorders and tuberculosis. The pharmacological effect is due to the activity of various secondary metabolites. This study aims to determine the metabolite profile of M. mammosa tuber ethanol extract, n-hexane fraction, ethyl acetate fraction, and n-butanol fraction. The dried powder of the tuber of M. mammosa was extracted with 96% ethanol. Then, liquid-liquid fractionation was performed using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and butanol as solvents. As much as 5 µl of each sample was injected into the UPLC-QToF-MS/MS and analyzed using the MassLynx 4.1 software and the ChemSpider and MassBank online databases. After identifying each compound, information regarding its activity was retrieved from the scientific literature. Metabolite profiling revealed that the 96% ethanol extract of M. mammosa yielded 61 compounds, with the n-hexane fraction yielding 64 compounds, the ethyl acetate fraction yielding 54 compounds, and the butanol fraction yielding 44 compounds. According to the findings of this study, the metabolite profiles of each M. mammosa tuber extract and fractions were distinct. Several compounds in these extracts and fractions may have antiviral, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and other properties; hence, more studies are required to determine their potential.