Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Typing Applied to the Study of Cross-Contamination by Listeria monocytogenes in Processed Food Products

Abstract

The presence of Listeria spp. was investigated in 369 samples of cooked meat products and 52 of smoked salmon. Incidences of 17.6% for cooked meat and 38.5% for smoked salmon samples were found. All Listeria monocytogenes isolates (34 from meat products and 16 from smoked salmon) were typed serologically and by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) typing using primers HLWL74 (5′-ACGTATCTGC-3′), HLWL85 (5′-ACAACTGCTC-3′), and OMP-01 (5′-GTTGGTGGCT-3′). Strains from cooked meat products were characterized and compared in relation to their origin. The detection of identical strains in products of different type and brand packed on the same date suggested cross-contamination, probably during the slicing process. All L. monocytogenes isolates from smoked salmon were indistinguishable by serotyping and RAPD, suggesting that this strain was highly disseminated and adapted to the treatment used for the preservation of this food. RAPD subtypes were analyzed using GelCompar version 4.1 software and the unweighted pair method using arithmetic averages, and six groups with at least 78% similarity were established. Serotyping and RAPD results were in concordance, although RAPD showed a higher discriminatory power with L. monocytogenes isolates from meat products. RAPD is an easy method that could be useful to detect cross-contamination occurring during postprocessing manipulations.