Real-Time PCR Assay for the Detection of Pufferfish Products

Abstract

An assay was developed for the rapid detection of products containing tissues from potentially toxic pufferfish (family Tetraodontidae), as part of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Center for Veterinary Medicine and Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition's charter to protect human health. In this study, we developed a TaqMan assay derived from DNA barcode data (650 bp starting at the 5′ end of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase I gene) for the specific detection of pufferfish. The method requires only 1 h of total run time, a significant improvement over current methods, which can require 24 to 96 h for completion. The probes were tested against 105 species of fish and were able to detect 20 species of pufferfish; no cross-reactivity was shown with 85 species of nonpufferfish, including 20 related species from the same order (Tetraodontiformes). These results demonstrate that this assay is suitable for the rapid and specific detection of pufferfish and that it could be a useful regulatory tool to protect human health.