A JWST Near- and Mid-infrared Nebular Spectrum of the Type Ia Supernova 2021aefx
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Published:2023-02-01
Issue:1
Volume:944
Page:L3
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ISSN:2041-8205
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Container-title:The Astrophysical Journal Letters
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language:
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Short-container-title:ApJL
Author:
Kwok Lindsey A.ORCID, Jha Saurabh W.ORCID, Temim TeaORCID, Fox Ori D.ORCID, Larison ConorORCID, Camacho-Neves YssavoORCID, Brenner Newman Max J.ORCID, Pierel Justin D. R.ORCID, Foley Ryan J.ORCID, Andrews Jennifer E.ORCID, Badenes CarlesORCID, Barna BarnabasORCID, Bostroem K. AzaleeORCID, Deckers MaximeORCID, Flörs AndreasORCID, Garnavich PeterORCID, Graham Melissa L.ORCID, Graur OrORCID, Hosseinzadeh GriffinORCID, Howell D. AndrewORCID, Hughes John P.ORCID, Johansson JoelORCID, Kendrew SarahORCID, Kerzendorf Wolfgang E.ORCID, Maeda KeiichiORCID, Maguire KateORCID, McCully CurtisORCID, O’Brien John T.ORCID, Rest ArminORCID, Sand David J.ORCID, Shahbandeh MelissaORCID, Strolger Louis-GregoryORCID, Szalai TamásORCID, Ashall ChrisORCID, Baron E.ORCID, Burns Chris R.ORCID, DerKacy James M.ORCID, Evans Tyco MeraORCID, Fisher AlecORCID, Galbany LluísORCID, Hoeflich PeterORCID, Hsiao EricORCID, de Jaeger ThomasORCID, Karamehmetoglu EmirORCID, Krisciunas KevinORCID, Kumar SahanaORCID, Lu JingORCID, Maund JustynORCID, Mazzali Paolo A.ORCID, Medler KyleORCID, Morrell NidiaORCID, Phillips Mark. M.ORCID, Shappee Benjamin J.ORCID, Stritzinger MaximilianORCID, Suntzeff NicholasORCID, Telesco CharlesORCID, Tucker MichaelORCID, Wang LifanORCID
Abstract
Abstract
We present JWST near-infrared (NIR) and mid-infrared (MIR) spectroscopic observations of the nearby normal Type Ia supernova (SN) SN 2021aefx in the nebular phase at +255 days past maximum light. Our Near Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) and Mid Infrared Instrument observations, combined with ground-based optical data from the South African Large Telescope, constitute the first complete optical+NIR+MIR nebular SN Ia spectrum covering 0.3–14 μm. This spectrum unveils the previously unobserved 2.5−5 μm region, revealing strong nebular iron and stable nickel emission, indicative of high-density burning that can constrain the progenitor mass. The data show a significant improvement in sensitivity and resolution compared to previous Spitzer MIR data. We identify numerous NIR and MIR nebular emission lines from iron-group elements as well as lines from the intermediate-mass element argon. The argon lines extend to higher velocities than the iron-group elements, suggesting stratified ejecta that are a hallmark of delayed-detonation or double-detonation SN Ia models. We present fits to simple geometric line profiles to features beyond 1.2 μm and find that most lines are consistent with Gaussian or spherical emission distributions, while the [Ar iii] 8.99 μm line has a distinctively flat-topped profile indicating a thick spherical shell of emission. Using our line profile fits, we investigate the emissivity structure of SN 2021aefx and measure kinematic properties. Continued observations of SN 2021aefx and other SNe Ia with JWST will be transformative to the study of SN Ia composition, ionization structure, density, and temperature, and will provide important constraints on SN Ia progenitor and explosion models.
Funder
National Aeronautics and Space Administration NKFI ∣ National Research, Development and Innovation Office National Science Foundation Heising-Simons Foundation MEXT ∣ Japan Society for the Promotion of Science MEC ∣ Agencia Estatal de Investigación EC ∣ EU Social ∣ European Social Fund EC ∣ European Research Council Villum Fonden Independent Research Fund Denmark NASA
Publisher
American Astronomical Society
Subject
Space and Planetary Science,Astronomy and Astrophysics
Cited by
12 articles.
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