Calibrating Gamma-Ray Bursts by Using a Gaussian Process with Type Ia Supernovae

Abstract

Abstract In this paper, we calibrate the Amati relation (the E p–E iso correlation) of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) in a cosmology-independent way. By using a Gaussian process to reconstruct the smoothed luminosity distance from the Pantheon type Ia supernovae sample, we utilize the reconstructed results to calibrate the E p–E iso correlation with the Markov Chain Monte Carlo method and construct a Hubble diagram with the A220 GRB data, in which there are A118 GRB data with the higher qualities appropriate for cosmological purposes. With 98 GRBs at 1.4 < z ≤ 8.2 in the A118 sample and the observed Hubble data, we obtain Ωm = 0.346 − 0.069 + 0.048 , h = 0.677 − 0.029 + 0.029 for the flat ΛCDM model, and Ωm = 0.314 − 0.055 + 0.072 , h = 0.705 − 0.069 + 0.055 , w = − 1.23 − 0.64 + 0.33 for the flat wCDM model, which are consistent with those from fitting the coefficients of the Amati relation and the cosmological parameters simultaneously.