Constraints from Fermi observations of long gamma-ray bursts on cosmological parameters

Abstract

ABSTRACT In this paper, we compile a Fermi sample of the long gamma-ray bursts (GRB) observations from 15 years of GBM catalogue with identified redshift, in which the GOLD sample contains 123 long GRBs at $z\le 5.6$ and the FULL sample contains 151 long GRBs with redshifts at $z\le 8.2$. The Amati relation (the $E_{\rm p,i}$–$E_{\rm iso}$ correlation) is calibrated at $z\lt 1.4$ by a Gaussian Process from the latest observational Hubble data with the cosmic chronometers method so that GRBs at high-redshift $z\ge 1.4$ can be used to constrain cosmological models via the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method. From the cosmology-independent GRBs with the GOLD sample at $z\ge 1.4$ and the Pantheon + sample of type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) at $0.01\lt z\le 2.3$, we obtain $\Omega _{\rm m} = 0.354\pm 0.018, H_0 = 73.05\pm 0.2\, \rm {km\,s^{-1}\,Mpc^{-1}}$ for the flat Lambda cold dark matter ($\Lambda$CDM) model; $w_0 = -1.22^{+0.18}_{-0.15}$ for the flat wCDM model; and $w_{a} = -1.12^{+0.45}_{-0.83}$ for the flat Chevallier–Polarski–Linder model at the 1$\sigma$ confidence level. Our results with the GOLD and FULL sample are almost identical, which are more stringent than the previous results with GRBs.