Evaluation of anatomical and radiological measurements of the proximal phalanx of the horse

Abstract

When performing osteosynthesis by screw fixation, it is important to carry out operational planning (choosing the screw of the optimal length and diameter). Choosing the optimal osteosynthesis tactics and the correct screw size allows you to stimulate regeneration and prevent possible complications. The X-ray examination method is included in the mandatory criterion of preoperative examination, which allows you to determine the size of the deformation and bone parameters. The present study is based on the hypothesis that the lifetime X-ray measurement of the bone of the proximal phalanx of a horse (longitudinal and transverse dimensions of the proximal and distal epiphysis and diaphysis, bone length), allows us to justify the size and technique of fixing the screw in the treatment of fractures. Morphometric studies included macroscopic dissection; morphometry of bone preparations; Xray measurement of the putus bone; documentation of the data obtained, photographing. A morphometric study was performed on 20 bone preparations (10 thoracic and 10 pelvic) and 40 X-ray images (20 in lateromedial and 20 in dorso-palmar/plantar projections) of the proximal phalanx of the horse. As a result of the work performed, it was found that the variability of parameters (longitudinal and transverse size of the proximal epiphysis, longitudinal and transverse size of the distal epiphysis; the longitudinal and transverse size of the diaphysis, bone length) of the fetal bone of the thoracic and pelvic limbs in horses for average values has no significant deviations (up to 1%), while the differences between the minimum and maximum values range from 20.0% to 66.6% for values obtained by anatomical method; from 12.2% and 33.3% for the Xray method.