DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS FOR METHODS AND TECHNICAL MEANS OF FARM CROP PROTECTION

Abstract

Modern intensive highly productive agricultural production should be based on a combination of various types of plant protection measures – quarantine, agrotechnical, chemical, breeding, biological, mechanical and physical methods, taking into account the balance between their effi ciency, minimal negative impact on the environment and economic feasibility. The paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the listed methods. The chemical method of plant protection, despite its shortcomings, is one of the most widely used productive and eff ective methods. The negative eff ect of the chemical method can be signifi cantly reduced by tightening the requirements for the safety of using pesticides for the environment and human health, ensuring targeted application of the product directly to the treated object, increasing the quality of application and reducing the loss of working fl uid, using productsw with a narrower range of action and short decomposition time. The authors stress that in order to achieve maximum effi ciency of chemical treatment, sprayer nozzles must provide a monodisperse spray and, at the same time, be able to adjust the size of monodisperse aerosol droplets in the range from 10 to 150 microns. Technical means for plant protection should be equipped with means that allow eliminating or minimizing the working fl uid drift as a result of wind exposure and evaporation, and ensuring the forced deposition of aerosol droplets on the treated objects to reduce the loss of working fl uid.