Root Crown Response to Fungal Root Rot in Phaseolus vulgaris Middle American × Andean Lines

Abstract

Fusarium root rot (FRR) is a global limiter of dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) production. In common bean and other legumes, resistance to FRR is related to both root development and root architecture, providing a breeding strategy for FRR resistance. Here, we describe the relationships between root traits and FRR disease symptoms. Using “shovelomics” techniques, a subset of recombinant inbred lines was phenotyped for root architecture traits and disease symptoms across three Michigan fields, including one field with artificially increased Fusarium brasiliense disease pressure. At the early growth stages, stem diameter, basal root number, and distribution of hypocotyl-borne adventitious roots were all significantly related to FRR disease scores. These results demonstrate that root architecture is a component of resistance to FRR in the field at early growth stages (first expanded trifoliate) complementing previous studies that evaluated root traits at later developmental stages (flowering, pod fill, etc.). Correlation matrices of root traits indicate that resistant and susceptible lines have statistically different root systems and show that basal root number is a key feature in resistant root systems while adventitious root distribution is an important feature in susceptible root systems. Based on the results of this study, selection for increased basal root number, increased adventitious root number, and even distribution of adventitious roots in early growth stages (first expanded trifoliate) would positively impact resistance to FRR.