Management of Dısease Complex of Meloidogyne incognita and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis lycopersici on Tomato Usıng Some Essentıal Oıls

Abstract

The effects of commercial thyme, sage, garlic, sesame, rosemary, lemon and mustard essential oils (Botalife Natural and Aromatic Products Ltd. Şti, Turkey) on disease severity were investigated in simultaneous inoculation of Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White, 1919) Chitwood, 1949 and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.radicis lycopersici (Jarvis & Shoemaker) on tomato. Nematicide (Velum®, Fluopyram) and fungicide (Cebir®, Fludioxonil + Metalaxyl) were used as positive controls. Negative control was only plants with nematode and fungus inoculation. The study was set up in a randomized plot design with 5 replications for each essential oil. In simultaneous inoculations, 1000 M. incognita second juvenile larvaes/1ml and 3X106 spore/ml FORL were used for each seedling. The essential oil applications were applied to the soil at a dose of 1000 ppm for each pot, one day after the nematode and fungus inoculation. The study was terminated after 60 days, and the assestment was based on gall, egg mass and disease severity. Fungal growth and nematode development on roots was found lower in all tested oils applications than negative control but fungisidal and nematicidal activity varied. Thyme and garlic essential oils had the highest control effect on nematode and fungus with 55.20% in simultaneous inoculation and this effect was higher than only nematicide (38.84%) and only fungicide (33.20%) applications. Sage (38.84%), rosemary (33.28%) and mustard (38.92%) essential oils were found to suppress disease severity higher than sesame (22.16%) and lemon (22.16%). It has been determined that thyme and garlic essential oils are good alternatives to manage root knot nematode and FORL disease complexes.