Mainstream testing methods and non-enzyme electrochemical biosensors for glucose detection

Abstract

Glucose is an indispensable substance in human’s body. A normal and stable blood glucose rate plays a significant role in leading a healthy living condition. Thus, an effective method to monitor glucose is what scientists are continuously studying to find. This work introduces the currently mainstream testing methods of glucose and a cutting-edge detecting equipment in this field. The mainstream methods include chromatography and biosensor methods. The biosensors are divided into two branches, optical and electrochemical biosensors. Colorimetric, fluorescence and chemiluminescence are three main principle of optical biosensor which already have a long-term development and are mutual for application. While for the electrochemical biosensor, enzyme-based biosensors are widely known and have already been introduced to the public. The non-enzyme, however, is the brand-new field of electrochemical biosensors, which have an ultra-high sensitivity and selectivity for glucose in blood. Carbon-based composites, noble metal-based composites, copper-based composites, and other metal-based materials can be the main function material of electrochemical non-enzyme biosensors. Here, carbon-based composites, noble metal-based composites, copper-based composites, and other metal-based materials biosensors are presented as the example to discuss the advanced aspects compared to other methods and the significance and feasibility of researching and applying this approach.