Abstract
At present no effective measures for specific prevention and treatment of African swine fever have been developed. The control strategy for the disease is designed for rapid diagnosis of infected animals with subsequent slaughter and decontamination (stamping out). The present review deals with current epidemic situation for African swine fever and examines features of the virus genomics and genetic differentiation of the isolates. The Russian Federation has been ASF-infected since 2007. Since that time the disease has been one of the key problems in pig farming of this country inflicting great economic losses, both directly and indirectly. The disease continues to spread. In January 2014 African swine fever was introduced to Lithuania, then pervaded Poland, Latvia, Estonia, Romania, Belgium and Moldova. Since 2018 the disease outbreaks have been reported in Asia (China, Vietnam, and Mongolia). Specific structure of the virus and long genome, encoding genes with unknown function, and circulation of 24 genotypes and 9 serotypes of the virus hinder the development of ASF vaccine. The article shows that the use of many specific genetic markers during determination of relationship and study of pathways of ASF virus global spread is the most accurate method.
Publisher
FGI Federal Centre for Animal Health (FGI ARRIA)
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