Fractional inclusions of the Hermite–Hadamard type for m-polynomial convex interval-valued functions

Abstract

AbstractThe notion of m-polynomial convex interval-valued function $\Psi =[\psi ^{-}, \psi ^{+}]$ Ψ = [ ψ − , ψ + ] is hereby proposed. We point out a relationship that exists between Ψ and its component real-valued functions $\psi ^{-}$ ψ − and $\psi ^{+}$ ψ + . For this class of functions, we establish loads of new set inclusions of the Hermite–Hadamard type involving the ρ-Riemann–Liouville fractional integral operators. In particular, we prove, among other things, that if a set-valued function Ψ defined on a convex set S is m-polynomial convex, $\rho,\epsilon >0$ ρ , ϵ > 0 and $\zeta,\eta \in {\mathbf{S}}$ ζ , η ∈ S , then $$\begin{aligned} \frac{m}{m+2^{-m}-1}\Psi \biggl(\frac{\zeta +\eta }{2} \biggr)& \supseteq \frac{\Gamma _{\rho }(\epsilon +\rho )}{(\eta -\zeta )^{\frac{\epsilon }{\rho }}} \bigl[{_{\rho }{\mathcal{J}}}_{\zeta ^{+}}^{\epsilon } \Psi (\eta )+_{ \rho }{\mathcal{J}}_{\eta ^{-}}^{\epsilon }\Psi (\zeta ) \bigr] \\ & \supseteq \frac{\Psi (\zeta )+\Psi (\eta )}{m}\sum_{p=1}^{m}S_{p}( \epsilon;\rho ), \end{aligned}$$ m m + 2 − m − 1 Ψ ( ζ + η 2 ) ⊇ Γ ρ ( ϵ + ρ ) ( η − ζ ) ϵ ρ [ ρ J ζ + ϵ Ψ ( η ) + ρ J η − ϵ Ψ ( ζ ) ] ⊇ Ψ ( ζ ) + Ψ ( η ) m ∑ p = 1 m S p ( ϵ ; ρ ) , where Ψ is Lebesgue integrable on $[\zeta,\eta ]$ [ ζ , η ] , $S_{p}(\epsilon;\rho )=2-\frac{\epsilon }{\epsilon +\rho p}- \frac{\epsilon }{\rho }\mathcal{B} (\frac{\epsilon }{\rho }, p+1 )$ S p ( ϵ ; ρ ) = 2 − ϵ ϵ + ρ p − ϵ ρ B ( ϵ ρ , p + 1 ) and $\mathcal{B}$ B is the beta function. We extend, generalize, and complement existing results in the literature. By taking $m\geq 2$ m ≥ 2 , we derive loads of new and interesting inclusions. We hope that the idea and results obtained herein will be a catalyst towards further investigation.