Demographic and clinical characteristics of severe Covid-19 infections: a cross-sectional study from Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran

Author:

Goshayeshi Ladan,Akbari Rad Mina,Bergquist Robert,Allahyari Abolghasem,Hashemzadeh Kamila,Milani Nasrin,Gholian-Aval Mahdi,Rezaeitalab Fariba,Sadeghi Quchani Mohammad Jafar,Nahbandani Zahra,Khodashahi Mandana,Javid Zahra,Mozdourian Mahnaz,Yaghoubi Mohammad Ali,Mozaheb Zahra,Seddigh-Shamsi Mohsen,Moeini Nodeh Mohammad,Nabavi Shima,Mosannen Mozaffari Hooman,Farzanehfar Mohammadreza,Lotfi Zahra,Shariati Alireza,Bonakdaran Shekoofe,Rezaieyazdi Zahra,Mirfeizi Zahra,Miri Maryam,Bassiri Reza,Ataei Azimi Sajjad,Hoseini BenyaminORCID,

Abstract

Abstract Background Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) is expanding worldwide. The characteristics of this infection in patients varies from country to country. To move forward, clinical data on infected patients are needed. Here, we report a comparison between fatalities and recovery of patients with severe Covid-19, based on demographic and clinical characteristics. Methods Between 5 March and 12 May 2020 in Mashhad, Iran, 1278 of 4000 suspected Covid-19 patients were confirmed positive by real-time reverse-transcriptase–polymerase-chain-reaction assay of upper respiratory specimens. We compared the demographic, exposure history and clinical symptoms of 925 survivors and 353 fatal cases with confirmed disease. Results Mean (SD) age for all confirmed patients was 56.9 (18.7) years, 67.1 (15.9) years in fatal cases and 53.0 (18.3) years in survivors. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the outcome of patients was associated with age (odds ratio = 1.049, P = 0.0001, 95% CI = 1.040–1.057). Despite a high burden of Covid-19 infections in the 30–39 and 40–49 year age groups, most of these (89.6 and 87.2%, respectively) recovered. The median (IQR) duration of hospitalization was 9.0 (6.0–14.0) days. The most prevalent co-morbidities were cardiovascular disorders (21%) and diabetes (16.3%). Dyspnoea (72.7%), cough (68.1%) and fever (63.8%) were the most frequent clinical symptoms. Healthcare workers, of whom two (3%) died, comprised 5.2% of infected cases. Combination antiviral and antibiotic therapy was used in 43.0% of cases. Conclusions The characteristics of severe Covid-19 varied substantially between fatal cases and survivors, with diabetes and cardiovascular disorders the most prevalent co-morbidities. In contrast to other studies, there were a higher number of fatalities in younger patients in our setting.

Funder

Mashhad University of Medical Sciences

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

Infectious Diseases

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