Author:
Li Zhi-Hao,Zhong Wen-Fang,Zhang Xi-Ru,Chung Vincent CH,Song Wei-Qi,Chen Qing,Wang Xiao-Meng,Huang Qing-Mei,Shen Dong,Zhang Pei-Dong,Liu Dan,Zhang Yu-Jie,Chen Pei-Liang,Cheng Xin,Yang Hai-Lian,Cai Miao-Chun,Gao Xiang,Kraus Virginia Byers,Mao Chen
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The interplay between physical activity (PA) and air pollution in relation to type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains largely unknown. Based on a large population-based cohort study, this study aimed to examine whether the benefits of PA with respect to the risk of T2D are moderated by exposure to air pollution.
Methods
UK Biobank participants (n = 359,153) without diabetes at baseline were included. Information on PA was obtained using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire short form. Exposure to air pollution, including PM2.5, PMcoarse (PM2.5−10), PM10, and NO2, was estimated from land use regression models. Cox regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs).
Results
During a median of 8.9 years of follow-up, 13,706 T2D events were recorded. Compared with a low PA level, the HRs for the risk of T2D among individuals with moderate and high PA were 0.82 (95% CI, 0.79–0.86) and 0.73 (95% CI, 0.70–0.77), respectively. Compared with low levels of air pollution, the HRs for risk of T2D for high levels of air pollution (PM2.5, PMcoarse, PM10, and NO2) were 1.19 (1.14–1.24), 1.06 (1.02–1.11), 1.13 (1.08–1.18), and 1.19 (1.14–1.24), respectively. There was no effect modification of the associations between PA and T2D by air pollution (all P-interactions > 0.05). The inverse associations between PA and T2D in each air pollution stratum were generally consistent (all P for trend < 0.05).
Conclusion
A higher PA and lower air pollution level were independently associated with a lower risk of T2D. The beneficial effects of PA on T2D generally remained stable among participants exposed to different levels of air pollution. Further studies are needed to replicate our findings in moderately and severely polluted areas.
Funder
the National Natural Science Foundation of China
the Project Supported by Guangdong Province Universities and Colleges Pearl River Scholar Funded Scheme
the Construction of High-level University of Guangdong
the Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation
the Guangzhou Science and Technology Project
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Cited by
7 articles.
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