Author:
Ahmad Rizwan,Alqathama Aljawharah,Alam Mohammad Mahtab,Riaz Muhammad,Abdalla Ashraf N.,Aldholmi Mohammed,Al− Said Hamdi M.,Aljishi Fatema S.,Althomali Ebtihal H.,Alabdullah Murtada M.,Altaweel Nezar H.,Almubarak Ali F.,Asghar Sami. S.
Abstract
AbstractThe quality of olive fruit (OF) is widely affected due to geographical variation, affecting OF's chemical composition and biological properties. It is a novel and first-time study to evaluate the quality variation of 42 olive samples from different geographical origins based on phytochemical profile and their biological activities. The study reports the presence of unique chemical markers responsible for the difference in quality and biological activity of the olive samples. Biological activity (cytotoxic and antimicrobial) with GCMS phytochemical profile was evaluated. GCMS analysis confirmed the presence of 111 volatile compounds from various chemical classes with range (%) and average (%): esters (21.61–60.49) and 44.62, alcohols (20.73–49.2) and 38.06, hydrocarbons (3–38.88) and 15.39, ketones (0.16–3.87) and 0.75, acids (0.07–2.62) and 0.27, and aldehydes (0.12–1.47) and 0.45. The predominant ester was 13-methyl-pentadecanoic acid methyl ester, a differentiation marker between these samples. Cytotoxicity assay showed a significant inhibitory effect against MCF7 (8–64%) and HCT116 (0.11–44%) cell lines, whereas the extracts with the highest cytotoxicity observed were O17 (52.00 ± 2.00) and O25 (64.00 ± 4.88). The antimicrobial activity exhibited a range of zones of inhibition (mm) against P. aeruginosa (0.00–17.00), E. coli (0.00–15.00), S. aureus (0.00–13), and resistant S. aureus, i.e., MRSA (0.00–12.00). The extracts with the highest antimicrobial activity, i.e., O8 and O39 had identical MIC and MBC of 12.5 and 25 µg/ml against P. aeruginosa. In contrast, an MIC (50 and 25) and MBC (100 and 50) against E. coli were determined for O39 and O8. The statistical PCA and K-mean cluster analysis (P < 0.05) confirmed the presence of a high number of esters, alcohols, and hydrocarbons in GCMS data. Moreover, O8, O23, O25, and O39 were suggested as comparatively better varieties than those OF samples (P = 0.001). The presence of distinct volatile markers in these 42 OF samples may be further studied as a potential source of antimicrobials, food preservatives and therapeutic purposes.
Graphical abstract
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Subject
Agronomy and Crop Science,Biochemistry,Food Science,Biotechnology
Reference52 articles.
1. Abdalla AN, Abdallah ME, Aslam A, Bader A, Vassallo A, Tommasi ND, Malki WH, Gouda AM, Mukhtar MH, El− Readi MZ, Alkahtani HM. Synergistic Anti leukemia effect of a novel Hsp90 and a pan cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors. Molecules. 2020;25(9):2220.
2. Abdalla AN, Malki WH, Qattan A, Shahid I, Hossain MA, Ahmed M. Chemosensitization of HT29 and HT29− 5FU cell lines by a combination of a Multi− Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor and 5FU downregulates ABCC1 and Inhibits PIK3CA in light of their importance in Saudi Colorectal Cancer. Molecules. 2021;26(2):334.
3. Abdelrahman MH, Hussain RO, Shaheed DS, AbuKhader M, Khan SA. Gas chromatography− mass spectrometry analysis and in vitro biological studies on fixed oil isolated from the waste pits of two varieties of Olea europaea L. OCL. 2019;26:28.
4. Abdul Rahim MH, Zakaria ZA, Mohd Sani MH, Omar MH, Yakob Y, Cheema MS, Ching SM, Ahmad Z, Abdul KA. Methanolic extract of Clinacanthus nutans exerts antinociceptive activity via the opioid/nitric oxide− mediated, but cGMP− independent, pathways. Evidence− Based Complement Altern Med. 2016;13:2016.
5. Ahmad R, Ahmad N, Al− Anaki WS, Ismail FA, Al− Jishi F. Solvent and temperature effect of accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) coupled with ultra− high− pressure liquid chromatography (UHPLC− PDA) for the determination of methyl xanthines in commercial tea and coffee. Food Chem. 2020;1(311): 126021.
Cited by
2 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献，注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献，订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献