Abstract
AbstractBackgroundMaize (Zea maysL.) is at the vanguard facing the upcoming breeding challenges. However, both a super pan-genome for theZeagenus and a comprehensive genetic variation map for maize breeding are still lacking.ResultsHere, we construct an approximately 6.71-Gb pan-Zeagenome that contains around 4.57-Gb non-B73 reference sequences from fragmented de novo assemblies of 721 pan-Zeaindividuals. We annotate a total of 58,944 pan-Zeagenes and find around 44.34% of them are dispensable in the pan-Zeapopulation. Moreover, 255,821 common structural variations are identified and genotyped in a maize association mapping panel. Further analyses reveal gene presence/absence variants and their potential roles during domestication of maize. Combining genetic analyses with multi-omics data, we demonstrate how structural variants are associated with complex agronomic traits.ConclusionsOur results highlight the underexplored role of the pan-Zeagenome and structural variations to further understand domestication of maize and explore their potential utilization in crop improvement.
Funder
National Key Research and Development Program of China Stem Cell and Translational Research
National Natural Science Foundation of China
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Cited by
18 articles.
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