1. North China Sea Marine Forecasting Center Oceanic Administration of China Qingdao China
2. Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Ecological Environment and Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Qingdao China
3. Cooperative Institute for Great Lakes Research University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
4. Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory Office of Oceanic and Atmospheric Research National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Ann Arbor MI USA
5. Large Lakes Observatory and Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Minnesota‐Duluth Duluth MN USA
6. Climate & Space Sciences and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA