Net Community Production in the Argentine Basin Estimated From Nitrate Drawdown Using Biogeochemical Argo Floats

Abstract

AbstractNet community production (NCP) was estimated from nitrate profiles measured via biogeochemical Argo floats drifting in the Argentine Basin. Two criteria were tested for defining hydrographic fronts used to separate the study area into five zones: potential density anomaly at 450 m and potential temperature at 100 m. The latter definition was preferred as it minimized overlapping among zones. Float profiles within each zone were used to construct monthly median profiles of nitrate. Monthly nitrate inventories were calculated for each zone by integrating the median profiles between the surface and a depth of 100 or 200 m. Three methods were utilized to estimate NCP from the nitrate drawdown. The resulting mean NCP estimates indicated a decline in NCP from 3 to 4 mol C m−2 yr−1 south of ∼40°S to ≤1 mol C m−2 yr−1 north of ∼40°S. The monthly median profiles suggested 20%–100% of drawdown occurred by the end of December; however, chlorophyll fluorescence indicated phytoplankton activity persisted through austral summer. We speculate that primary production during these summer months was supported by regenerated nitrogen sources (not nitrate), despite replete concentrations, likely due to the relative scarcity of bioavailable iron known to persist in the region. While a northward advective flux of nitrate was strongly suggested by meridional nitrate gradients over the upper 0–300 m, vertical mixing was apparently necessary to stimulate new production, indicating both processes are important for NCP in the Argentine Basin. This work highlights the potential for floats in studying biogeochemical cycles in hydrographically complex regions.