1. Toronto Rehabilitation Institute-University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;
2. Faculty of Medicine (Respirology), McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada;
3. Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts;
4. Department of Medicine and Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto Western Hospital-University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;
5. Department of Medicine (Respirology), University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;
6. Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; and
7. Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada