Fusarium spp. Contamination of Wheat, Maize, Soybean, and Pea Grain in Croatia

Abstract

Fusariumspp. Contamination of Wheat, Maize, Soybean, and Pea Grain in CroatiaFrom 2002 to 2008, 203 samples of wheat, maize, soybean, and pea were analysed for the presence ofFusariumspecies. Contamination withFusariumspp., expressed as the percentage of seeds withFusariumcolonies, ranged from 5 % to 69 % for wheat, from 25 % to 100 % for maize, from 4 % to 17 % for soybean, and from 3 % to 17 % for pea. 187 isolates were collected and the following 19 species determined:F. graminearum, F. poae, F. avenaceum, F. verticillioides, F. sporotrichioides, F. heterosporum, F. crookwellense, F. tricinctum, F. semitectum, F. oxysporum, F. proliferatum, F. solani, F. equiseti, F. pseudograminearum, F. chlamydosporum, F. sambucinum, F. compactum, F. scirpi, and F. culmorum.Dominant species wereF. graminearumon wheat (27 % of isolates),F. verticillioideson maize (83 % of isolates),F. sporotrichioideson soybean (34 % of isolates), andF. proliferatumon pea (29 % of isolates). Among species identified,F. heterosporum, F. crookwellense, F. pseudograminearum, F. sambucinum, andF. compactumhave been reported for the first time in Croatia.