Dietary inclusion of Artemisia annua improves antioxidant performance, immunoglobulin protein levels, lipid profile, carcass characteristics, meat quality, and histomorphometric features of broiler chickens

Abstract

Abstract Artemisia annua L. (A. annua), renowned for its medicinal properties, was investigated for its effects on broiler performance, biochemistry, antioxidant capacity, meat composition, and organ histology. A total of 90 one-day-old chicks were divided into four groups, each with three replicates. The chicks were fed either a basal diet or a basal diet supplemented with A. annua leaves meal at levels of 0.3%, 0.6%, or 0.9% over a period of 42 days. A. annua decreased mortality, final body weight, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio, but improved dressing percentages and liver/gizzard weights (P<0.05). Serum analysis revealed reduced alanine/aspartate aminotransferase, cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL, while total protein, albumin, globulin, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and IgM levels increased (P<0.05). Malondialdehyde (MDA) decreased, while total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased (P<0.05), confirming A. annua's antioxidant activity. Meat analysis showed decreased moisture, fat, and fiber but increased protein content (P<0.05). Sensory evaluation revealed improved taste, color, texture, and overall acceptability. Mild histopathological lesions were observed in A. annua-treated groups. Conclusively, A. annua in broiler diets has antioxidant, hypolipidemic, and immune-enhancing potential. Further studies are needed to evaluate its long-term safety and optimal dose.