JUSTIFICATION OF DESIGN AND TECHNOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF A DEVICE FOR PROCESSING SEEDS WITH BIOLOGICAL PREPARATIONS

Abstract

The state of technologies for plant protection with chemical and biological preparations is described. The problems of using biological means of protection are considered, in particular, the lack of technical means intended for applying biological preparations to seeds. The task is to develop the necessary technical means for applying biological preparations to seeds, taking into account the negative impact of spraying technologies and applying working compositions of biological preparations to seeds. The developed pneumomechanical etcher adapted for working with biological products is described, the main nodes of which are the etching chamber and the sprayer of the working composition of the biological product. The design and principle of operation of the etching chamber, the sprayer of the working composition of the biological product, the hydraulic and pneumatic system of the device are described. A wide range of spray pressure adjustment, as well as a gentle pneumatic method of applying the working preparation to seeds, allows the use of biological preparations for carrying out work on preparing seeds for sowing. The most important working organs of the presented pneumomechanical etcher, on the work of which the quality of the process as a whole depends, are the etching chamber and the sprayer of the working composition of biological products. The theoretical justification of the design and technological parameters of the etching chamber is given. Based on the parameters of the screw conveyor: screw diameter, D,m, screw pitch, S,m, conveyor capacity, N, t/h, culture (seed sizes), the screw speed p_b, rpm, material flow cross-sectional area, F_pot, m2, material movement speed on the conveyor, v, m/s, the required minimum pressure Rd, Pa, the cross-sectional area of the duct openings SB, m2 is calculated. Recommendations are given for determining the optimal design and technological parameters of the device based on the developed nomogram for determining the cross-sectional area of the duct openings and fan performance, depending on the performance of the pneumomechanical etcher, culture and the mesh used. Recommendations for production are given