POTENTIALITIES IN ADDITIVE-SUBTRACTIVE-STRENGTHENING TECHNIQUES

Abstract

The accurate shape obtaining is the most significant, but far from being the only problem which is solved at parts produc-tion. Not less important are also such properties as elasticity, plasticity, strength and durability and so on. It is well-known that high-temperature influence upon billet material which follows any of known processes of additive processing ad-versely affects the above-mentioned properties. The most significant task of additive techniques is ensuring material qua-litative structure and high operating properties in a part manufactured at multiple increase of productivity. The purpose of theoretical and practical researches carried out consists in the development of the technology in which to the processes of additive and subtractive treatment there is added a process of hardening with shock wave deformation that allows structuring, strengthening, compacting the material of a layer grown forming compressive stresses instead of tensile residual stresses of thermal origin. The growth of a part is carried out by means of arc deposition with wire materi-al. Such an approach ensures productivity by an order higher, but has such drawbacks as defects of structure, considerable porosity and low accuracy in comparison with powder additive techniques. The drawbacks mentioned are compensated by strengthening and machining in the course of product manufacturing. The research methods - a comparative analysis of the structure of iron-carbon material manufactured with the use of additive-subtractive techniques and additive-subtractive strengthening techniques. Results and conclusions. In strengthened material, in contrast to non-strengthened one there are no practically hidden cavities. The dimensions of phase elements of ferrite and pearlite in material manufactured according to the technology with strengthening decrease by more than five times. Hardness of material grown with strengthening exceeds more than twice hardness of material manufactured without strengthening.