Abstract
Context: The purpose of this study is to review the effectiveness of medicinal plants on memory and learning in both human and animal models. Material and Methods: Various electronic databases, including PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Cochrane Library, were searched for randomized controlled trials published between 2010 and 2023. Results: The studies focused on thirty different herbs, including Bacopa monnieri, Polygonum odoratum, Morus alba, Ginkgo biloba, Salvia officinalisL., Rosmarinus officinalisL., Melissa officinalis, Panax ginseng, Saraca asoca, Polygala tenuifolia, Boswellia papyrifera, Boswellia serrata, and Aegle marmelos. Conclusions: The inclusion criteria were adults, participants with cognitive impairment, and healthy participants, without age or gender restrictions. The studies were assessed for risk of bias using the Cochrane tool for randomized trials, and the findings were synthesized narratively.