Arylpyridines: A Review from Selective Synthesis to Atropisomerism

Abstract

Multiply arylated heterocycles are interesting structures with highly useful functions and fascinating optoelectronic and biological properties. Pyridines are an important class of compounds, playing a role in various fields of chemistry. When the pyridine ring is connected to other aromatic systems, novel stereochemical outcomes may arise. This work summarizes different methodologies applied for the synthesis of substituted arylpyridine derivatives and summarizes stereochemical phenomena resulting from atropisomerism present in certain arylated pyridines.1 Introduction2 Arylpyridines Containing meta- and para-Substituted Phenyl Groups2.1 Arylpyridine Derivatives as Amphetamine Analogues Markers2.2 Site-Selective Synthesis of Arylpyridines3 Atropisomerism in Arylpyridines Containing ortho-Substituted Phenyl Groups3.1 Synthesis of Arylpyridines Containing ortho-Substituted Phenyl Groups3.2 Other Methods for the Preparation of Arylated Pyridines4 Fully Substituted Pyridine Derivatives4.1 Site-Selective Synthesis of Fully Arylated Pyridines4.3 Atropisomerism in Densely Substituted Arylpyridines Containing ortho-Substituted Phenyl Groups5 Enantioselective Synthesis of Arylpyridine Derivatives6 Conclusion