1. Department of Veterans Affairs, Pain Research, Multimorbidities, and Education (PRIME) Center, VA-Connecticut, United States
2. Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
3. College of Nursing, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States
4. Center for Medical Informatics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States
5. MITRE Corporation, Center for Government Effectiveness and Modernization, Center Office, McLean, Virginia, United States
6. Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, United States
7. Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
8. Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States