Electromagnetic field simulation modeling method and distribution characteristics of electric vehicle wireless charging system

Abstract

In recent years, wireless charging technology for electric vehicles has gained significant attention. To accurately analyze the distribution characteristics of the electromagnetic field during the wireless charging process of electric vehicles, a finite element-based electromagnetic analysis method was employed. Applied in the commercial simulation software, the electromagnetic environment of the resonant coil and electric vehicle model was simulated under high-power charging conditions, resulting in an overall electromagnetic field distribution for the electric vehicle. The results indicated that within the coil region, the magnetic induction intensity in the central area of the coil was zero, and it increased as the distance from the center of the coil grew. Outside the coil region, the magnetic induction intensity gradually decreased. The electric field intensity of the resonant coil was maximum in the central area of the coil, and it weakened as the distance from the center of the coil increased. When a magnetic shielding resonant coil was used, the electromagnetic field was confined between the shielding materials, and the magnetic field rapidly attenuated on both sides of the magnetic shield. The electromagnetic field energy of the electric vehicle body was mainly concentrated at the bottom of the vehicle near the coil. When the coil was located in the front of the car body, the maximum electric field intensity distribution in the car body was 8.50 V/m, and the maximum magnetic induction intensity was 0.024 μT. When the coil was located in the middle of the car body, the maximum electric field intensity was 2.31 V/m, the maximum magnetic induction intensity was 0.019 μT. As the distance from the coil position increased, the energy weakened.