The efficacy of larotrectinib (LOXO-101), a selective tropomyosin receptor kinase (TRK) inhibitor, in adult and pediatric TRK fusion cancers.

Author:

Hyman David Michael1,Laetsch Theodore Willis2,Kummar Shivaani3,DuBois Steven G.4,Farago Anna F.5,Pappo Alberto S.6,Demetri George D.7,El-Deiry Wafik S.8,Lassen Ulrik Niels9,Dowlati Afshin10,Brose Marcia S.11,Boni Valentina12,Turpin Brian13,Nagasubramanian Ramamoorthy14,Cruickshank Scott15,Cox Michael Craig16,Ku Nora C.16,Hawkins Douglas S.17,Hong David S.18,Drilon Alexander E.1

Affiliation:

1. Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY;

2. University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX;

3. Department of Medicine–Oncology, Palo Alto, CA;

4. Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Boston Children's Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Boston, MA;

5. Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA;

6. St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN;

7. Dana-Farber Cancer Institute/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA;

8. Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA;

9. Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark;

10. UH Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH;

11. Department of Otorhinolaryngology: Head and Neck Surgery, Abramson Cancer Center of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA;

12. START Madrid CIOCC, Hospital HM Universitario Sanchinarro, Madrid, Spain;

13. Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH;

14. Nemour's Children's Hospital, Orlando, FL;

15. Scott Cruickshank and Associates, Santa Barbara, CA;

16. Loxo Oncology, Inc., San Francisco, CA;

17. Seattle Children’s Hospital, University of Washington, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA;

18. The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX;

Abstract

LBA2501 Background: Larotrectinib is the first selective small-molecule pan-TRK inhibitor. TRK fusions appear oncogenic independent of tumor lineage, are widely distributed across cancers, and affect all ages. We present an integrated dataset from 3 studies intended to support regulatory approval. Methods: All NTRK fusion pts with RECIST measurable disease enrolled to the adult (NCT02122913, n=8) and pediatric (NCT02637687, n=12) phase I trials and adult/adolescent phase 2 trial (NCT02576431, n=35) were analyzed. TRK fusion status was determined by local testing prior to enrollment. Pts were dosed predominantly at 100mg BID on a continuous 28-day schedule. Primary objective was investigator-assessed overall response rate (ORR) per RECIST v1.1. Secondary endpoints included duration of response (DOR) and safety. Data were cut on 31-JAN-2017. Results: 55 TRK fusion pts (12 peds, 43 adult, range: 4 mo.-76 yrs) were enrolled (median priors=2). Fusions involved NTRK1 (n=25), NTRK2 (n=1), and NTRK3 (n=29), and 14 unique partners. 13 discrete tumor types were treated: salivary (12), sarcoma (10), infantile fibrosarcoma (7), lung (5), thyroid (5), colon (4), melanoma (4), cholangio (2), GIST (2), and other (4). For the 46 pts evaluated to date, the ORR was 78% (95% CI: 64%–89%) with responses in 12 unique tumor types. Responses are ongoing in 29/33 (88%) pts, excluding 3 peds pts whose DOR was censored at attempted curative resection. A median DOR has not been reached as the majority of responders remain on treatment without progression. The longest responder remains on treatment at 23 mos., 8 pts remain in response at >12 mos., and 16 pts at >6 mos. NTRK solvent front mutations were detected in all 4 pts to develop acquired resistance. The most common TEAEs were fatigue (30%), dizziness (28%), and nausea (28%). 5 (11%) pts required dose reductions. Conclusions: Larotrectinib has demonstrated consistent and durable antitumor activity in TRK fusion cancers, across a wide range of ages and tumor types, and was well-tolerated. Larotrectinib could be the first targeted therapy developed in a tissue type-agnostic manner, and the first developed simultaneously in adults and pediatrics. Clinical trial information: NCT02576431, NCT02122913, NCT02637687.

Publisher

American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO)

Subject

Cancer Research,Oncology

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