Koliko Slovenijo stanejo naravne nesreče?

Abstract

Članek analizira vložke javnih sredstev v preventivo, raziskave ter pomoč in zavarovanja na področju naravnih nesreč v Sloveniji. Predstavlja javna sredstva za preventivo, odziv in obnovo. Vlaganja v sistem zaščite in reševanja ter sredstva za zmanjšanje posledic nesreč za obdobje med 1999 (2002) in 2019 smo analizirali po podatkih proračunov. Za obdobje 1997–2011 smo ocenili vlaganja v znanost. Analizirali smo strukturo javnih sredstev za pomoč po nesrečah ter neenotnost meril med občinami. Javna sredstva smo primerjali z vlaganji zasebnikov v zavarovanja ter škodnimi izgubami in BDP-jem. Temeljna ugotovitev so obratna sorazmerja med prostorskimi enotami, kar velja za vse velikostne ravni: manjši kot je deléžnik, relativno več finančno prispeva za preventivo pred naravnimi nesrečami. In this article we analyze the contribution of public funds for prevention, scientific research, financial aid for disaster events, and insurance in the field of natural disasters in Slovenia. It presents the public funds for prevention, response and recovery. We have analyzed the investments in the protection and rescue system and the budget for disaster mitigation for the period between 1999 (2002) and 2019. For the period 1997–2011, we estimated investments in science. We also analyzed the structure of public funds for disaster relief and the inconsistency of criteria and approaches in Slovenian municipalities. We compared public funds with private investments in insurance, with claimed losses and with GDP. The basic finding is that there is an inverse relationship between the investments of the mentioned spatial units: the smaller the actor, the greater its relative financial role in disaster management.