Affiliation:
1. Saratov State Medical University named after V.I. Razumovsky
Abstract
Introduction. The Saratov Oblast is a region that has moderate iodine deficiency. Starting from 2020, iodized salt must be used while cooking meals at educational facilities of Russia. However, only a few studies have been conducted to assess iodine intake of children meals.Aim. To assess iodine intake with iodized salt used in the preparation of Saratov preschool and primary school meals.Materials and methods. Iodine intake of children was assessed in several pre-schools and schools. The iodized salt content in typical menus for preschool and school hot breakfasts was modelled using process monitoring sheets. Iodine intake was estimated at 40 pg of iodine per 1 g of iodized salt and its 30% loss during cooking of hot meals. In Model 1, preschool and school meals were to be prepared using iodized salt. In Model 2, additional iodine intake was suggested to be consumed with bakery products for school meals baked using iodized salt.Results. Iodine intake with iodized salt as part of hot dishes (Model 1) in children aged 1-3 years at preschools was 78.8 ± 17.8 pg/day, in children aged 4-7 years - 113.9 ± 20.9 pg/day. When using bakery products with iodized salt in the menu (Model 2), iodine intake in children aged 1-3 years old increased to 108.9 ± 14.5 pg/day, and in children aged 4-7 years to 152.9 ± 16.8 pg/day, i.e. by 29.1-33.4%. Iodine intake with hot breakfasts among primary schoolchildren was 34.2 ± 7.3 mcg/day.Discussion. The results of this study are comparable to those of the study conducted in the Tyumen region, which demonstrated that the use of iodized salt in preparing preschool meals fully supplies the iodine needs of preschoolers.Conclusion. The use of iodized salt to prepare preschool and school meals makes it possible to ensure 87.6-94.9% of the recommended iodine intake for preschoolers, and 28.5% of the recommended iodine intake as part of hot breakfasts for children in grades 1-4. Parents were offered daily menus options to use iodized salt in households, which allowed them to balance the iodine intake of their children.
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