Biogeochemical and historical drivers of microbial community composition and structure in sediments from Mercer Subglacial Lake, West Antarctica

Author:

Davis Christina L1ORCID,Venturelli Ryan A2,Michaud Alexander B3,Hawkings Jon R4,Achberger Amanda M5,Vick-Majors Trista J6ORCID,Rosenheim Brad E7ORCID,Dore John E8,Steigmeyer August9,Skidmore Mark L9ORCID,Barker Joel D10,Benning Liane G1112ORCID,Siegfried Matthew R13ORCID,Priscu John C14ORCID,Christner Brent C1ORCID,Barbante Carlo15,Bowling Mark16,Burnett Justin17,Campbell Timothy9,Collins Billy18,Dean Cindy8,Duling Dennis16,Fricker Helen A19,Gagnon Alan20,Gardner Christopher21,Gibson Dar16,Gustafson Chloe22,Harwood David1623,Kalin Jonas16,Kasic Kathy24,Kim Ok-Sun25,Krula Edwin16,Leventer Amy26,Li Wei8,Lyons W Berry21,McGill Patrick24,McManis James16,McPike David16,Mironov Anatoly16,Patterson Molly27,Roberts Graham16,Rot James16,Trainor Cathy18,Tranter Martyn28,Winans John16,Zook Bob16,

Affiliation:

1. Department of Microbiology and Cell Science, University of Florida , Gainesville, FL, USA

2. Department of Geology and Geological Engineering, Colorado School of Mines , Golden, CO, USA

3. Center for Geomicrobiology, Aarhus University , Aarhus, DK, Denmark

4. Department of Earth and Environmental Science, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA, USA

5. Department of Oceanography, Texas A&M University , College Station, TX, USA

6. Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University , Houghton, MI, USA

7. College of Marine Sciences, University of South Florida , St. Petersburg, FL, USA

8. Department of Land Resources and Environmental Sciences, Montana State University , Bozeman, MT, USA

9. Department of Earth Sciences, Montana State University , Bozeman, MT, USA

10. School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN, USA

11. GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences , Telegrafenberg, Potsdam, Germany

12. Department of Earth Sciences, Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin, Germany

13. Hydrologic Science and Engineering Program, Department of Geophysics, Colorado School of Mines , Golden, CO, USA

14. Polar Oceans Research Group , Sheridan, MT, USA

15. Institute for the Dynamics of Environmental Processes, University Ca’Foscari , Venice, Italy

16. Antarctic Science Management Office, University of Nebraska , Lincoln, NE, USA

17. Applied Physics Lab, University of Washington , Seattle, WA, USA

18. School of Film and Photography, Montana State University , Bozeman, MT, USA

19. Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego , La Jolla, CA, USA

20. Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution , Falmouth, MA, USA

21. School of Earth Sciences, Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center, The Ohio State University , Columbus, OH, USA

22. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Columbia University , New York, NY, USA

23. Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Nebraska , Lincoln, NE, USA

24. Film Program, Communication Studies, California State University , Sacramento, CA, USA

25. Division of Polar Life Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute , Incheon, South Korea

26. Department of Geology, Colgate University , Hamilton, NY, USA

27. Department of Geological Sciences and Environmental Studies, Binghamton University , Vestal, NY, USA

28. Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University , Aarhus, Denmark

Abstract

Abstract Ice streams that flow into Ross Ice Shelf are underlain by water-saturated sediments, a dynamic hydrological system, and subglacial lakes that intermittently discharge water downstream across grounding zones of West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS). A 2.06 m composite sediment profile was recently recovered from Mercer Subglacial Lake, a 15 m deep water cavity beneath a 1087 m thick portion of the Mercer Ice Stream. We examined microbial abundances, used 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing to assess community structures, and characterized extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) associated with distinct lithologic units in the sediments. Bacterial and archaeal communities in the surficial sediments are more abundant and diverse, with significantly different compositions from those found deeper in the sediment column. The most abundant taxa are related to chemolithoautotrophs capable of oxidizing reduced nitrogen, sulfur, and iron compounds with oxygen, nitrate, or iron. Concentrations of dissolved methane and total organic carbon together with water content in the sediments are the strongest predictors of taxon and community composition. δ¹³C values for EPS (−25 to −30‰) are consistent with the primary source of carbon for biosynthesis originating from legacy marine organic matter. Comparison of communities to those in lake sediments under an adjacent ice stream (Whillans Subglacial Lake) and near its grounding zone provide seminal evidence for a subglacial metacommunity that is biogeochemically and evolutionarily linked through ice sheet dynamics and the transport of microbes, water, and sediments beneath WAIS.

Funder

National Science Foundation

All funding information is provided in the article file

Publisher

Oxford University Press (OUP)

Subject

General Medicine

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