Population genomics provides insights into the evolution and adaptation to humans of the waterborne pathogen Mycobacterium kansasii

Author:

Luo TaoORCID,Xu Peng,Zhang Yangyi,Porter Jessica L.,Ghanem Marwan,Liu QingyunORCID,Jiang YuanORCID,Li Jing,Miao Qing,Hu Bijie,Howden Benjamin P.ORCID,Fyfe Janet A. M.,Globan Maria,He Wencong,He Ping,Wang Yiting,Liu Houming,Takiff Howard E.,Zhao YanlinORCID,Chen XinchunORCID,Pan QichaoORCID,Behr Marcel A.ORCID,Stinear Timothy P.ORCID,Gao QianORCID

Abstract

AbstractMycobacterium kansasii can cause serious pulmonary disease. It belongs to a group of closely-related species of non-tuberculous mycobacteria known as the M. kansasii complex (MKC). Here, we report a population genomics analysis of 358 MKC isolates from worldwide water and clinical sources. We find that recombination, likely mediated by distributive conjugative transfer, has contributed to speciation and on-going diversification of the MKC. Our analyses support municipal water as a main source of MKC infections. Furthermore, nearly 80% of the MKC infections are due to closely-related M. kansasii strains, forming a main cluster that apparently originated in the 1900s and subsequently expanded globally. Bioinformatic analyses indicate that several genes involved in metabolism (e.g., maintenance of the methylcitrate cycle), ESX-I secretion, metal ion homeostasis and cell surface remodelling may have contributed to M. kansasii’s success and its ongoing adaptation to the human host.

Funder

Department of Science and Technology of Sichuan Province

Non-coding RNA and Drug Discovery Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province

Ministry of Science and Technology of the People’s Republic of China

National Natural Science Foundation of China

Guangdong Science and Technology Department

Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission

Department of Health | National Health and Medical Research Council

Shenzhen Municipal Health Commission

Publisher

Springer Science and Business Media LLC

Subject

General Physics and Astronomy,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Chemistry

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