Minimal unlinking pathways as geodesics in knot polynomial space

Abstract

AbstractPhysical knots observed in various contexts – from DNA biology to vortex dynamics and condensed matter physics – are found to undergo topological simplification through iterated recombination of knot strands following a common, qualitative pattern that bears remarkable similarities across fields. Here, by interpreting evolutionary processes as geodesic flows in a suitably defined knot polynomial space, we show that a new measure of topological complexity allows accurate quantification of the probability of decay pathways by selecting the optimal unlinking pathways. We also show that these optimal pathways are captured by a logarithmic best-fit curve related to the distribution of minimum energy states of tight knots. This preliminary approach shows great potential for establishing new relations between topological simplification pathways and energy cascade processes in nature.