1. Polman, A., Knight, M., Garnett, E. C., Ehrler, B. & Sinke, W. C. Photovoltaic materials: present efficiencies and future challenges. Science 352, aad4424 (2016).
2. National Renewable Energy Laboratory Best Research-cell Efficiency Chart (NREL, 2023); https://www.nrel.gov/pv/cell-efficiency.html
3. Park, J. et al. Controlled growth of perovskite layers with volatile alkylammonium chlorides. Nature 616, 724–730 (2023).
4. Chen, H. et al. Quantum-size-tuned heterostructures enable efficient and stable inverted perovskite solar cells. Nat. Photonics 16, 352–358 (2022).
5. Jiang, Q. et al. Surface reaction for efficient and stable inverted perovskite solar cells. Nature 611, 278–283 (2022).