1. Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Urbana─Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
2. Nick Holonyak Micro and Nanotechnology Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana─Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
3. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana─Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
4. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana─Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
5. Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St Louis, Missouri 63031, United States
6. Carl R. Woese Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana─Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
7. Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana─Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States