1. Key Laboratory for Semi-Arid Climate Change of the Ministry of Education, College of Atmospheric Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou730000, China
2. Collaborative Innovation Center for Western Ecological Safety, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou730000, China
3. Land-atmosphere Interaction and Its Climatic Effects Group, State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Resources and Environment (TPESRE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, CAS, Beijing100101, China
4. Department of Atmospheric Science, School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan430074, China
5. Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo060-0810, Japan