Sequence Analysis of Prion Protein Gene in Bhagnari Cattle Breed from the Hottest Region of Sibi, Balochistan, Pakistan

Abstract

Prion diseases are a type of neurodegenerative disorder caused by the transmission of specific pathogens containing prion proteins. Due to the unique structural characteristics of Prion proteins (PrP), which differ from other types of proteins, the extended incubation period observed in the transmission of specific Prions can be attributed to these differences, at least in part. Prions are found in several other mammals and animals. Prions are unique among false protein folding abnormalities because these are infections and contain various strains of contagious agents associated with a unique in vivo phenotype. They can be acquired either by inheritance or sporadically. There are two types: classical and typical BSP. The objective of this study was to observe the Bhagnari cattle breed of Balochistan, Pakistan, and compare the PrP gene sequence of the Bhagnari with other reported sequences from Pakistan and other parts of the world. This research collected 40 Bhagnari cattle blood samples from Tali, Bhag Nari, and Sibi district areas. DNA extraction of each sample was performed by inorganic method, and then DNA amplification and sequencing of PRNP Gene was performed. The results of this research work showed different polymorphic variations (SNPs) in 16 samples. In this study, while mutations causing prion diseases in cattle were detected in Italian and German breeds, none were identified in the PRNP gene of the cattle population investigated, despite its association with neurological disorders.